ENGLISH Grammar IN USE FOR INTERMEDIATE
42. Passive ane (is done/was done)
| A | Study this example: |  | This house was built in 1961. Was built is passive. Compare active and passive:  | When we use an agile verb, we say what the subject does: · My gramps was a builder. He built this house in 1961. · It'southward a big visitor. Information technology employs two hundred people. When we utilize a passive verb, we say what happens to the subject: · 'How onetime is this house?' 'It was built in 1961.' · Two hundred people are employed by the company. |
| B | When we use the passive, who or what causes the action is often unknown or unimportant: · A lot of coin was stolen in the robbery. (somebody stole it, but we don't know who) · Is this room cleaned every day? (does somebody make clean it?- information technology'due south not important who) If nosotros want to say who does or what causes the action, we use by : · This business firm was built by my grandfather . · Ii hundred people are employed past the visitor . |
| C | The passive is be (is/was etc.)+ past participle (done/cleaned/seen etc.) : (be) done (be) cleaned (be) damaged (be) congenital (be) seen etc. For irregular past participles ( done/seen/known etc.), see Appendix 1. Study the active and passive forms of the nowadays simple and past simple: | Present simple | By simple | |  Agile clean(s) I see(s) etc. Passive am/is/are + cleaned/seen etc. · Many accidents are acquired by careless driving. · I 'm non invited to parties very often. · How is this word pronounced ? | Agile cleaned/saw etc. Passive was/were+ cleaned/seen etc. · We were woken upwardly by a loud noise during the dark. · 'Did y'all go to the party?' 'No, I wasn't invited .' · How much money was stolen in the robbery? | |
EXERCISES
| 42.one | Complete the sentences using ane of these verbs in the right grade, present or past: crusade damage hold invite make overtake testify surround translate write | ane | Many accidents _____are acquired ______ past dangerous driving. | | 2 | Cheese ___________ from milk. | | 3 | The roof of the building __________ in a storm a few days ago. | | 4 | Yous ____________ to the nuptials. Why didn't y'all go? | | 5 | A movie theatre is a place where films _______________. | | six | In the United States, elections for president _________ every four years. | | vii | Originally the book __________ in Spanish, and a few years ago information technology ______ into English. | | eight | Although nosotros were driving fast, nosotros _____________ by a lot of other cars. | | nine | You can't see the house from the road. Information technology ______________by copse. | |
| 42.2 | Write questions using the passive. Some are present and some are by. | 1 | Enquire about glass. (how /make?) | ____ How is drinking glass made ________ | | 2 | Ask nearly television. (when /invent?) | ___________________________ | | 3 | Inquire most mountains. (how /form?) | ___________________________ | | 4 | Enquire about antibiotics. (when /discover?) | ___________________________ | | 5 | Inquire about argent. (what /use for?) | ___________________________ | |
| 42.iii | Put the verb into the correct form, present simple or past uncomplicated, active or passive. | 1 | It's a big factory. Five hundred people ____ are employed _____ (employ) there. | | 2 | _____ Did somebody make clean _____(somebody /make clean) this room yesterday? | | 3 | Water _______ (cover) most of the earth's surface. | | 4 | How much of the globe'south surface __________ (cover) by water? | | v | The park gates _______________(lock) at 6.thirty p.g. every evening. | | 6 | The letter _____ (send) a week ago and it (make it) ___________ yesterday. | | 7 | The boat hit a stone and ________ (sink) quickly. Fortunately everybody_______ (rescue). | | 8 | Robert's parents ________ (die) when he was very immature. He and his sister ______ (bring up) by their grandparents. | | ix | I was built-in in London, but I ______(grow up) in Canada. | | 10 | While I was on holiday, my camera _________ (steal) from my hotel room. | | eleven | While I was on vacation, my camera ____________ (disappear) from my hotel room. | | 12 | Why _________ (Sue /resign) from her job? Didn't she enjoy it? | | 13 | Why_________(Ben /burn) from his task? Did he do something wrong? | | 14 | The company is not independent. It _____________(own) past a much larger company. | | 15 | I saw an blow last night. Somebody ______ (call) an ambulance but nobody ______ (injure), so the ambulance ________(not /need). | | sixteen | Where ______ (these pictures /accept)? In London?________ (you /take) them, or somebody else? | | 17 | Sometimes it'south quite noisy living here, but information technology'due south not a trouble for me - I _____ (not /carp) by it. | |
| 42.iii | Rewrite these sentences. Instead of using somebody, they, people etc. write a passive sentence. | 1 | Somebody cleans the room every day. | ______The room is cleaned every 24-hour interval ___________ | | 2 | They cancelled all flights because of fog. | All __________________________ | | 3 | People don 1t use this route much. | ________________________________ | | iv | Somebody defendant me of stealing money | I _______________________________________ | | five | How do people larn languages? | How ____________________________________ | | vi | People warned us not to go out alone. | __________________________________________ | |
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